甘肃省世行贷款项目的比较分析与后续管理

通过对世行贷款在甘肃区实施的典型项目村的比较分析,总结了其成功经验及不足之处,并在后续管理方面提出了相应的意见.     

论不断扩大公民有序的政治参与

不断扩大公民有序的政治参与不仅是社会主义市场经济发展和社会主义政治文明建设 的需要,也是实践“三个代表”重要思想的需要。当前,扩大公民政治参与要在政治参与的广度和深度方而下功夫,并且要保持政治参与的渠道畅通。     

森林生态效益补助项目实施中的社会经济问题研究——湖南省试点情况个案调查

该调查主要通过半结构访谈,系统了解了湖南省森林生态效益补助试点项目实施情况;总结了试点主要经验;深入剖析了当前及潜在的矛盾与主要问题。调查结果表明:试点工作进展顺利,生态效益补助政策深受基层林业部门和广大群众欢迎。但是存在着森林生态效益补助的政策目标不甚明确、项目实施过程主要沿用传统工作方法、对农民的利益关心不足等问题。     

Recreational fishing in Norway from 1970 to 1993: trends and geographical variation

Abstract Participation in recreational fishing by Norwegians and geographical differences in fishing behaviour in Norway were investigated from 1970 to 1993 by comparing results from several household surveys at the national level and in different municipalities. Approximately 50% of the adult population fish every year. Only slight changes in participation rates were observed between 1970–1993, but considerable local variation in rates of participation and type of fishing were found. Participation rates among people living in northern Norway and in rural municipalities was higher than among people living in southern Norway and urban citizens. Among people living in the capital city, Oslo, the rate of participation was particularly low. Recreational fishing in Norway includes angling as well as subsistence fishing. Large geographical variation in fishing, continuing urbanization and an increasing population of elderly people should be taken into account by managers when developing a recreational fisheries strategy for the future.     

条件价值评估法(CVM-WTP)在玛曲草地生态系统恢复中的应用

运用条件价值评估法,针对玛曲草地生态系统退化现状,以支付卡问题格式设计调查问卷,并采用入户调查和访谈相结合的方式对394户居民家庭为草地恢复而愿意支付的最大货币数量进行了初步调查。结果表明:每户家庭平均最大货币支付数量为339元,愿意支付区间为290~387元,每年的恢复经济价值为230万~310万元。假定玛曲草地生态系统恢复需要10年,则总恢复经济价值为2300万~3100万元。     

退耕农户生态建设意愿与行为分析——基于安塞和米脂的调研数据

以计划行为理论为基础并运用结构方程模型,选取陕西省安塞和米脂县6个乡镇21个村为分析样本,探讨退耕农户的行为态度、感知行为控制和主观规范对生态建设意愿的影响以及生态建设意愿对生态建设行为的影响.结果表明:计划行为理论能够较好的解释退耕农户的生态建设意愿和行为,其中行为态度、感知行为控制和主观规范对退耕农户生态建设意愿有显著的正向影响;生态建设意愿对退耕农户生态建设行为也有显著的正向影响.     

Geographies of Governance Across La Amistad International Park

ABSTRACT

This study analyzes the levels of local stakeholder participation and the emergence of polycentric governance among buffer zone stakeholders in the La Amistad International Park (PILA) of Costa Rica and Panama. This investigation adds a geographical approach to common pool resource (CPR) theory to examine and better understand the management structure and integrated conservation and development of a binational park. It considers two of Ostrom’s institutional arrangements for CPR success: (a) collective-choice arrangements and (b) multiple layers of governance. A qualitative case study approach with semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and participant observation is used. Results reveal the current management structure exhibits varying degrees of fortress conservation. Greater stakeholder involvement has been attempted; however, these measures differ greatly across the regions with some success achieved on the Pacific side of La Amistad, but less success on the Caribbean side. Variations occur primarily due to asymmetries in funding, personnel, strength and number of park-related associations, and tension over indigenous rights.     

Young people's participation in Fiji: Merits,challenges and the way forward

Young people's participation is central to the attainment of meaningful governance systems. In Fiji, this is a challenge as the traditional view of young people's participation is restricted to that of ‘service’ and the precarious political environment restricting free expression. Despite these concerns, young people's participation and expression appear to be thriving in hybridised forms. This paper draws from conversations with a group of ‘active’ young people and discusses the merits and challenges of their participation in Fiji. As a nation, Fiji is at the threshold of a new socio‐political era, where young people are expected to play a significant role. This discussion offers an understanding of young people's participation in Fiji and draws attention to how they can be meaningfully supported as active citizens in the process of national development.     

基于计划行为理论的农户安全蔬菜种植意愿研究

以计划行为理论为依据,加入种植习惯这一新的变量,构建了农户安全蔬菜种植意愿模型。通过对湖北省226 家农户的调查研究发现,种植态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和种植习惯对农户安全蔬菜的种植意愿具有显著正向影响,种植态度在主观规范和种植习惯与种植意愿之间的关系中具有部分中介作用,不断优化农户种植习惯是在农业产业结构调整过程中提高农户安全蔬菜种植意愿的重要途径。     

甘肃农户参与农民专业合作社意愿及满意度的实证研究——基于376户农户的调查

甘肃农民专业合作社虽然起步较晚,但已经显示出了强大的生命力和辐射力,方便小农户与大市场的对接。文章通过问卷和访谈实地调查甘肃省农户参与合作社意愿及满意度状况,深入分析影响农户参加农民专业合作社的因素,并相应提出完善合作社内部机制、强化服务职能、加强规范管理等一系列对策建议。